GALERIE ART PREMIER AFRICAIN GALERIE ART PRIMITIF AFRICAIN AFRICAN ART GALLERY

Full text, digitalised by Lies Strijker and presented by the .Centre Aequatoria
Notes on the digitalisation and presentation


[Cover]

[1: empty]

[2]
IMPRIMI POTEST
Kanzenze, 12-2-1952
P. Simeon, o.m.f.
Sup. Reg.

IMPRIMATUR
Luabo-Kamina, 30-5-1952
+VICTOR PETRUS KEUPPENS
Vic. Ap. de Lulua


[3]

(Translated into English from "La Philosophie Bantoue" the French Version by Dr. A. Rubbens of Fr. Tempels' original work. The Revd. Colin King, M.A. Translator.)

With a Foreword to the English Edition by Dr Margaret Read, C.B.E.Ph. D.,M.A., formerly Professor of Education and Head of the Department Of Education in Tropical Areas, The

Sotheby's
Création 1744
 
Siège social  New York (États-Unis)
Activité(s) Vente aux enchères d’œuvres d’art
Site Web www.sothebys.com
Sotheby’s est une société internationale de vente aux enchères d’œuvres d’art, la plus ancienne au monde et la seule à être cotée à la bourse de New York. Elle organise 350 ventes par an, à Paris, New York, Londres, Hong Kong, Genève et Milan notamment et compte 400 spécialistes en art.

 

 Histoire
 
Sotheby's à Londres, New Bond Street
Siège de Sotheby's à New YorkEn 1744, Samuel Baker fonde la première société de vente aux enchères au monde, spécialisée dans les livres et manuscrits. Elle se développe rapidement et organise la vente des grandes bibliothèques, dont celle de Napoléon Bonaparte. Deux siècles plus tard, Sotheby's étend son domaine de compétences aux estampes, médailles et monnaies et s’installe sur New Bond Street à Londres. Le chiffre d'affaires des œuvres d'art dépasse alors significativement celui des livres.

À la fin des années 1950, la société connaît une phase de forte croissance, sous la direction de Peter Wilson. Sotheby’s joue un rôle actif dans le regain d’intérêt

Enchères et émotions
AuteurRolande Bonnain-Dulon du même auteur

École des hautes études en sciences sociales
EHESS
Centre de recherches historiques
54, bd Raspail
75006 Paris

Au-delà de leur public bien sûr, les ventes aux enchères passionnent les sociologues et les ethnologues et ce, à juste titre [Matras-Guin, 1987 ; Quémin, 1993 ; Rémy 1990]. Grâce à eux, on a compris pourquoi cette pratique sociale qui mêle l’économique au symbolique, le rationnel aux émotions, l’individuel à une certaine forme de collectif attire tant de gens qui vont là comme au spectacle, par curiosité, sans avoir toujours l’intention de participer aux enchères. Ces chercheurs nous ont également montré le rôle que ces lieux ont joué sur la constitution des communautés diffuses et temporaires, la mise en place de rituels profanes, le vécu de la concurrence, le rapport aux objets, le métier de commissaire-priseur.
2 Avec cet article, nous visons à montrer la forte incidence du lieu et les effets de sa représentation sur l’existence, les pratiques et les particularités d’un certain monde[1] [1] On utilise ici le terme « monde » dans le sens que lui...
suite, celui des collectionneurs d’arts premiers[2] [2] L’expression « arts premiers » désigne ici, sans...
suite dont les objets acquièrent lentement le statut d’art classé, en particulier en ces temps où le Louvre les accueille.
3 Aujourd’hui, les anciennes puissances coloniales ne se livrant plus à des guerres de conquête, une pièce classée dans les arts premiers n’a guère

La révision :
pratique interdite mais courante qui consiste en une alliance de plusieurs acheteurs qui n'enchérissent pas les uns sur les autres afin d'obtenir l'objet au plus bas prix et de se le revendre ensuite entre eux.

[ See the continuation... ]

THE WAY OF THE AFRICAN RENAISSANCE

Text from the "diplomatic world" in October 1998

In economic terms, Africa figure of poor and marginalized continent. Since the end of the Cold War, it appears as an area that declassified no longer a geopolitical and diplomatic challenge for the major powers. Outside of emergencies that require humanitarian intervention, nobody is really interested in the fate of 700 million men and women who live in this part of the world. "Bankruptcy of development"? "Retard"? Or, rather, strength of African societies, refusing to be trapped neoliberal, and the emergence of alternatives to the Western model of development?


Few studies of the continent really leave room for hope: it keeps repeating that it "Africa sinks" and becomes "a repository of humanity's ills." The image of a "continent wrecked," repeated ad nauseam, seems to summarize all the perceptions of Africa that tend to be synonymous with poverty, corruption and fraud would be the home of violence, conflict and genocide. Images are projected onto Apocalypse "an impoverished Africa in the spiral of conflict." In the late twentieth century, "no continent offers such a spectacle of desolation, war and famine as Africa. (...) Slowly, the place is going to drift. "

The paradigm of "bankruptcy" is the same analytical framework of economic and social

Art

Art is the process or product of deliberately arranging elements in a way that appeals to the senses or emotions. It encompasses a diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression, including music and literature. The meaning of art is explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.

The definition and evaluation of art has become especially problematic since the early 20th century. Richard Wollheim distinguishes three approaches: the Realist, whereby aesthetic quality is an absolute value independent of any human view; the Objectivist, whereby it is also an absolute value, but is dependent on general human experience; and the Relativist position, whereby it is not an absolute value, but depends on, and varies with, the human experience of different humans. An object may be characterized by the intentions, or lack thereof, of its creator, regardless of its apparent purpose. A cup, which ostensibly can be used as a container, may be considered art if intended solely as an ornament, while a painting may be deemed craft if mass-produced.

Traditionally, the term art was used to refer to any skill or mastery. This conception changed during the Romantic period, when art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science". Generally, art is made with the intention of stimulating thoughts and emotions.

The nature of art has been described by Richard Wollheim as "one of the most elusive of the traditional problems of human culture". It has been defined

Guillaume Apollinaire

Born     26 August 1880(1880-08-26)
Rome, Italy1
Died     9 November 1918 (aged 38)
Paris, France

Wilhelm Albert Włodzimierz Apolinary Kostrowicki, known as Guillaume Apollinaire  Rome, August 26, 1880 – November 9, 1918, Paris) was a French poet, writer and art critic born in Italy to a Polish mother.

Among the foremost poets of the early 20th century, he is credited with coining the word "surrealism" and writing one of the earliest works described as surrealist, the play Les Mamelles de Tirésias (1917, used as the basis for a 1947 opera).

Two years after being wounded in World War I, he died at age 38, a victim of the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic.

Life

Born Wilhelm Albert Włodzimierz Apolinary Kostrowicki and raised speaking French, among other languages, he emigrated to France and adopted the name Guillaume Apollinaire. His mother, born Angelica Kostrowicka, was a Polish noblewoman born near Navahrudak (now in Belarus). Apollinaire's father is unknown but may have been Francesco Flugi d'Aspermont, a Swiss Italian aristocrat

Sculpture dedicated to Gou divinity of wrought iron and war
Work iron 168cm in height made before 1858 by Akati Ekplékendo
Current Republic of Benin

Lauren Papet, Ecole du Louvre


Arrival in French collections and identification problems

This statue has been reported in France in 1894 by Captain Eugene Fonssagrives following the conquest of Dahomey. It belonged to the spoils of war found in the palaces of Abomey, abandoned by the fleeing King Behanzin, who himself had perhaps made on the side in preparation for the French attack in the hope that the god help protect the kingdom on its most vulnerable border. She was then given directly to the Trocadero Museum of Ethnography, the current Museum of Man (recorded April 30, 1894).

First Fonssagrives was presented as was a representation of Ebo, patron god of Ouidah thesis refuted by Maurice Delafosse in 1894, indicating that the divinity of Ouidah is not the serpent but Ebo Dan. The name "Ebo" would have probably been given Fonssagrives response when he asked what the object (Bo meaning receptacle of supernatural forces). She was named Gou, its present name after World War II, his resemblance to the voodoo (god) of iron and protector of the forge, metal and war have been considered fairly obvious.

Technical Achievement

Government also has a variety of techniques to work with iron: forged, rolled, hammered, nailed and riveted.