Result of the research : 'cinq'
Tristan Tzara (born Samuel or Samy
Rosenstock, also known as S. Samyro; April 4 or April 16, 1896 –
December 25, 1963) was a Romanian and Frenchavant-garde poet, essayist and performance
artist. Also active as a journalist, playwright, literary and art critic,
composer and film director, he was known best for being one of the founders and
central figures of the anti-establishmentDada movement. Under
the influence of Adrian Maniu, the adolescent
Tzara became interested in Symbolism and co-founded the magazine Simbolulwith Ion Vinea (with whom he also wrote experimental poetry) and painter Marcel
Janco. During World War I, after briefly collaborating on Vinea's Chemarea, he joined Janco in Switzerland.
There, Tzara's shows at the Cabaret Voltaire and Zunfthaus zur Waag, as well as his poetry and art
manifestos, became a main feature of early Dadaism. His work represented
Dada's nihilisticside, in contrast with the more moderate approach favored by Hugo Ball. After moving to Paris in 1919, Tzara, by then one of the "presidents of
Dada", joined the staff of Littérature magazine, which
marked the first step in the movement's evolution toward Surrealism.
He was involved in the major polemics which led to Dada's split, defending his
principles against André Breton and Francis
Picabia, and, in Romania, against the eclecticmodernism of
Vinea and Janco. This personal vision on art defined his Dadaist plays The Gas
Heart (1921) and Handkerchief of Clouds (1924). A
forerunner of automatist techniques, Tzara eventually
rallied with Breton's Surrealism, and, under its influence, wrote his
celebrated utopianpoem The Approximate Man. During the final part of his career, Tzara combined his humanist and anti-fascistperspective with a
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André Breton (February 19, 1896 – September 28, 1966) was a French
writer, poet, and surrealisttheorist, and is best known as the main founder of surrealism.
His writings include the Surrealist Manifesto of 1924, in which he defined
surrealism as pure psychic automatism. BiographyBorn to a family of modest means in Tinchebray(Orne) in Normandy, he
studied medicineand psychiatry.
During World War I he worked in a neurological ward in Nantes, where he
met the spiritual son of Alfred Jarry, Jacques
Vaché, whose anti-social attitude and disdain for established artistic
tradition influenced Breton considerably. Vaché committed suicide at age 24
and his war-time letters to Breton and others were published in a volume
entitled Lettres de guerre (1919), for which Breton
wrote four introductory essays. From Dada to SurrealismIn 1919 Breton founded the review Littérature with Louis
Aragon and Philippe Soupault. He also connected with DadaistTristan
Tzara. In 1924 he was instrumental to the founding of the Bureau of Surrealist Research. In The Magnetic Fields (Les Champs Magnétiques),
a collaboration with Soupault, he put the principle of automatic writing into practice. He published
the Surrealist Manifesto in 1924, and
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André Derain (10 June 1880 – 8 September
1954) was a French painter and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri
Matisse.
Biography
André Derain was born in 1880
in Chatou, Yvelines, Île-de-France, just outside Paris. In 1898,
while studying to be an engineer at the Académie Camillo, he attended painting
classes under Eugène Carrière, and there met Matisse.
In 1900, he met and shared a studio with Maurice de Vlaminck and began to paint his
first landscapes.
His studies were interrupted from 1901 to 1904 when he was conscriptedinto the French army. Following his release from service, Matisse persuaded
Derain's parents to allow him to abandon his engineering career and devote
himself solely to painting; subsequently Derain attended the Académie
Julian.Derain and Matisse worked together through the summer of 1905 in the Mediterraneanvillage of Collioureand later that year displayed their highly innovative paintings at the Salon
d'Automne. The vivid, unnatural colors led the critic Louis
Vauxcelles to derisively dub their works as les Fauves,
or "the wild beasts", marking the start of the Fauvist movement.
In March 1906, the noted art dealer Ambroise
Vollard sent Derain to London to compose a series of paintings with the
city as subject. In 30 paintings (29 of which are still extant), Derain put
forth a
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Jean Paul Barbier-Mueller is a Swiss collector, born in Geneva in 1930. Biography
He has been under the influence of a passionnate father : poetry, philosophy,
musicor science (he got his PhD in biology at the age of 47).
After law studies in Geneva and London, he registers at the Bar and become
manager, at the age of 28, of a financial society. In 1960, he creates his own
society, the Private Society of Managment, specialized in the managment of the
housing stock and construction of social flats.
Collector as his father-in-law Josef Mueller, he goes in for « non-western »
arts. With his wife Monique, he creates in 1977 the Barbier-Mueller museum,
which organize more than seventy-five exhibitions, most of them attended with
importants catalogues, presenting the differents sections of the familial
collection, with the contribution of major european, american and asian
museums. He carries out or finances researches in Sumatra, in Ivory Coast and
Guinea. He’s one of the best expert of the Batak ethnic group, in the north of
Sumatra. In may 1997, the Barbier-Mueller precolombian art museum opens
opposite to the Picasso museum, in Barcelona. The town council offers a
long-time loan from the Nadal Palace to expose around 400 works of art from
Pre-Hispanic America. Jean Paul Barbier-Mueller is also a recognized specialist of the poetry and the
french history of the 16th century. Bibliophile since the age of 13, he has gathered
one of the most full library devoted to Ronsard and other authors of the Pléiade.
Entitled « Ma Bibliothèque poétique », the catalogue of this collection
count 7 volumes already published. Jean Paul Barbier-Mueller has also written
many articles for journals such as « Bibliothèque d’humanisme »,
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Pietro
Paolo Savorgnan di Brazzà, best known as Pierre Paul François Camille Savorgnan de Brazza (January 26,1852 - September
14, 1905), was a
Franco-Italian explorer, born in Italy and later naturalizedFrenchman.
With the backing of the Société de Géographique de Paris, he opened up for France entry along
the right bank of the Congo that eventually led to French colonies in Central
Africa. His easy manner and great physical charm, as well as his pacific
approach among Africans, were his trademarks. Under French colonial rule, Brazzaville,
the capital of the Republic of the Congo was named in his honor. Early years
Born in Rome on January 26,1852, Pietro
Savorgnan di Brazzà was the seventh son of Count Ascanio Savorgnan di
Brazzà, a nobleman of Udine with many French connections and Giacinta Simonetti.
Pietro was interested in exploration from an early age and won entry to the French naval school at Brest,
graduated as an ensign, and went on the French ship Jeanne d'Arc to Algeria. Exploration to Africa
His next ship was the Venus, which stopped
at Gabonregularly, and in 1874, de Brazza made two trips, up the Gabon Riverand Ogoue
River. He then proposed to the government that he explore the Ogoueto its source, and with the help of friends in high places, including Jules Ferryand Leon
Gambetta, he secured partial funding, the rest
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Jean Rouch (31 May1917 - 18 February2004) was a French filmmaker
and anthropologist. He began his long association with African subjects in
1941 after working as civil engineer supervising a construction project in Niger. However,
shortly afterwards he returned to France to participate in the Resistance.
After the war, he did a brief stint as a journalist with Agence France-Presse before returning to
Africa where he become an influential anthropologist and sometimes
controversial filmmaker. He is considered as one the pioneers of Nouvelle
Vague, of visual anthropology and the father of ethnofiction.
Rouch's films mostly belonged to the cinéma vérité school – a term that Edgar Morinused in a 1960 France-Observateur article referring to Dziga
Vertov's Kinopravda. His best known film, one of the central works of the
Nouvelle Vague, is Chronique d'un été (1961) which he filmed
with sociologist Edgar Morin and in which he portrays the social life of
contemporary France. Throughout his career, he used his camera to report on
life in Africa.
Over the course of five decades, he made almost 120 films. He died in an automobile accident in February
2004, some 16
kilometres from the town of Birnin N'Konni in central Niger. Main films- 1954: Les Maîtres Fous (The Mad
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Julien Michel
Leiris (April
20, 1901 in Paris – September
30, 1990 in
Saint-Hilaire, Essonne)
was a Frenchsurrealistwriter and ethnographer. BiographyMichel Leiris obtained his baccalauréat in
philosophy in 1918 and after a brief attempt at studying chemistry, he
developed a strong interest in jazz and poetry. Between 1921 and 1924, Leiris
met a number of important figures such as Max Jacob, Georges Henri Rivière, Jean
Dubuffet, Robert Despos, Georges
Bataille and the artist André
Masson, who soon became his mentor. Through Masson, Leiris became a member
of the Surrealistmovement, contributed to La Révolution surréaliste, published Simulacre(1925), and Le Point Cardinal (1927), and wrote a surrealist novel Aurora(1927-28; first published in 1946). In 1926, he married Louise Godon, the
step-daughter of Picasso's dealer Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler and traveled to
Egypt and Greece. Following a fall out with André
Breton in 1929, he joined Bataille’s team as a sub-editor for Documents, to which he also regularly
contributed articles such as “Notes on Two Microcosmic Figures of the 14th and
15th Centuries” (1929, issue 1), “In Connection with the ‘Musée des
Sorciers" (1929, issue 2), "Civilisation" (1929, issue 4), “The
‘Caput Mortuum’ or the Alchemist’s Wife” (1930, issue 8), and on artists such
as Giacometti,Miró, Picasso, and the
16th
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In 1950s, it was possible to find many objects at the price of 10 francs on the flea markets of Europe. The
first objects to take value were those of the Benin because they were
bronze, then came the fashion of objects to black patina of Ivory
Coast, and those of Bakota of the Gabon plated by copper and by brass. The
big statues were worth more expensive than the babies, while most often
in Africa, if they are small it is to be able to hide them more easily
because they have a particular importance. In 1983, a Parisian trader, Jean-Michel Huguenin, makes discover seats Sénoufo. In
1985, another Parisian trader, Réginald Groux, discovers the ladders of
lofts Dogon — coming from the cliff of Bandiagara — and Lobi in the
region of Mopti (Mali).He acquires a first lot of fifty, makes them socler and sells them in his gallery by making a pretty benefit.
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